NAlIGRAM
(Nalidixic Acid)
Composition
Tablet: Each tablet contains Nalidixic acid BP 500mg.
Suspension: Each 5ml suspension contains Nalidixic acid BP 300 mg.
Description
Naligram (Nalidixic Acid) is a bactericidal antimicrobial agent used mainly in the treatment and prophylaxis of urinary tract infection caused by gram negative pathogen specially E coli. Naligram (Nalidixic acid)exerts its antibacterial activity inhibiting DNA replication in the bacterial cell by inhbition of the enzyme DNa gyrase.It is effective against most gram- negative bacilli with the notable exception of pseudomonas species.
Naligram(nalidixic Acid) is considered as the first-line treatment in cases of multiresistant shigella infections.Naligram shows high clinical and bacteriological cure rates in patients with bloody diarrhoea caused by multiresistant shigella and proved to be an efficacious antibacterial in bacillary dysentry.Naligram proved to be a childhood safe antimicrobial in the therapeutic dosage range.
Indication
Acute and chronic urinary tract infections,bacillary dysentry due to salmonella and shigella.Naligram provides and effective alternative to ampicillin in the treatment of childhood shigellosis.Naligram is also indicated in the treatment of chronic shigellosis caused by multiresistant shigella organism.
Dosage and Administration
Adults : 1g(2tablets) every 6 hours for 7 days,reduced in chronic infections to 500mg every 6 hours.
Children : For infants and children over 03 months of age,initial therapy is 55mg/kg/day administered in 04 equally divided does.For prolonged therapy,the total daily dose may be reduced to 33 mg/kg/day.
Contraindication
Nalidixic acid is not indicated in children below 3 month of age.It is contraindicated in epileptic patients and in patients with known hypersensitivity to Nalidixic acid.
Side Effect
Nalidixic Acid is genarally well tolerated & absorbed.Occasionally gastrointestiral hypersensitivity,fevereosinophilia,photosensitvity&neurological disturbances like malais,drowsiness,dizziness may occur.Mild leukopenia,htombocytopenia,hemolytic anemia may also be observd.Nalidixic Acid may also produce false elevations of 17-ketogenic steroids in urine.
Drug Interactions
Anticoagulant effect of nicoumalone and warfarin and toxicity of melphalan is enhanced by Nalidixic Acid.Probenecid reduces excretion of Nalidixic Acid.